Ініціація формування плодових тіл рідкісних та лікарських грибів в умовах чистої культури

Maryna Sukhomlyn; Vitaliia Didenko; Nadiia Tsvyd; Yurii Petrychuk

doi:10.29038/2617-4723-2019-387-17-25

Автор(и)

Maryna Sukhomlyn Навчально-науковий центр «Інститут біології та медицини» Київського національного університету імені Тараса Шевченка http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6573-9699
Vitaliia Didenko Навчально-науковий центр «Інститут біології та медицини» Київського національного університету імені Тараса Шевченка http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5947-2307
Nadiia Tsvyd Навчально-науковий центр «Інститут біології та медицини» Київського національного університету імені Тараса Шевченка http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2809-1878
Yurii Petrychuk Національний природний парк «Гуцульщина» http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3945-8372

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29038/2617-4723-2019-387-17-25

Ключові слова:

basidiomes formation, medicinal macromycetes, pure cultures, rare species, sclerotium-shaped structures

Анотація

More than 5000 species of Ascomycetes and Agaricales fungi are known nowadays. However, 30 species of them are intensively cultivated and have been used into the agriculture. One of the reasons of a small number of species that can be grown in industrial culture are unclear conditions for the basidiomes formation. Basidiomes and mycelium include various nutritional substances that are used in food, medicine, cosmetics, etc. Recently, the biosynthesis of fungal biologically active substances with immunomodulation, radioprotective, antitumor, antiviral and other properties is under investigation by many scientists. Only 15 % of all products of medical mushrooms are made from extracts of mycelium. Verification of conditions of mushroom cultivation will significantly expand the range of species that could serve as a potential object for biotechnology.
29 species of macromycetes from the pure Cultures Collection of Fungi (FCKU) of Educational and Scientific Centre «Institute of Biology and Medicine» Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv were used in our experiment. The initiation basidiomes formation of 29 macromycetes on different substrates in pure culture was studied. The optimal substrate for the studied species was husk of sunflower seeds. Most fungi formed basidiomes on it. If mushrooms did not formed basidiomes on this substrate, they fastest it overgrown or developed primordia or sclerotium-shaped structures. The shaping of the basidiomes, primordia or sclerotia-shaped structures was observed in 28 species. Three of these species were listed in the Red Book of Ukraine (Grifola frondosa, Leucoagaricus barsii, Sparassis crispa) and others rare species for Ukraine (Ceriporia viridans, Hericium cirrhatum, Sarcodontia crocea, Sparassis laminosa).

Посилання

1. Akata, I.; Kalyoncu, F.; Solak, M. H.; Kalmis, E. Growth of mycelium of three ectomycorrhizal macrofungi, Infundibulicybe geotropa, Tricholoma anatolicum and Lactarius deliciosus in culture media containing various carbon sources. African Journal of Microbiology Research; 2012, 6(12), 3042–3046. https://doi.org/10.5897/ajmr12.196
2. Buchalo, A. S. Higher Edible Basidiomycetes in Pure Culture; Naukova Dumka: Kiev; 1988.
3. Carvajal, A. E. S. S.; Koehnlein, E. A.; Soares, A. A.; Eler, G. J.; Nakashima, A. T. A.; Bracht, A.; Peralta, R. M. Bioactives of fruiting bodies and submerged culture mycelia of Agaricus brasiliensis (A. blazei) and their antioxidant properties. LWT - Food Science and Technology; 2012, 46, 493–499. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2011.11.018
4. Diduh, Ya. P. Red Book of Ukraine. Flora; Hlobalkonsaltynh: Kyiv, 2009.
5. Dovgiy, R. S.; Pozur, V. V.; Svyatetska, V. N.; Suhomlyn, M. N.; Livinska, O. P.; Makarenko, A. N. Immunobiological action of extracts and medicines, obtained from mushrooms Ganoderma lucidum, Cordyceps sinensis and Leucoagaricus macrorhizus. Bulletin of the problems of biology and medicine (In Ukraine); 2013, 2(2), 44–49.
6. Endo, N.; Kawamura, F.; Kitahara, R.; Sakuma, D.; Fukuda, M.; Yamada, A. Synthesis of Japanese Boletus edulis ectomycorrhizae with Japanese red pine. Mycoscience; 2014, 55(5), 405–416. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.myc.2013.11.008
7. Engler, M.; Anke, T; Sterner, O. Production of antibiotics by Collybia nivalis, Omphalotus olearis, a Favolaschia and a Pterula species on natural substrates. Z Naturforsch; 1988, 53(5–6), 318–24. https://doi.org/10.1515/znc-1998-5-604
8. Gao, Y.; Chan, E.; Zhou, S. Immunomodulating activities of Ganoderma, a mushroom with medicinal properties. Food Rev. Int.; 2004, 2(20), 123–161.
9. Ikekawa, T.; Ikekawa, A.; Shimada, F. Physiologically active substance EEM-S originating in mushrooms, process for producing the same and drugs. 2004, US 6783771 B2, Aug. 31.
10. Jeena, G. S.; Punetha, H.; Prakash, O.; Chandra, M.; Kushwaha, K. P. S. Study on in vitro antioxidant potential of some cultivated Pleurotus species (oyster mushroom). Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources; 2014, 5(1), 56–61.
11. Krupodorova, T. A.; Barshteyn, V. Yu.; Bisko, N. A.; Ivanova, T. S. Some nutritional medicinal fungi cultivated on amaranthus seed meal-based medium. International Journal of Medicinal Mushroom; 2012, 14(3), 295−293.
https://doi.org/10.1615/intjmedmushr.v14.i3.50
12. Lakhanpal, T. N.; Rana, M. Medicinal and nutraceutical genetic resources of mushrooms. Plant Genet. Resour. Charact. and Util; 2005, 2(3), 288–303. https://doi.org/10.1079/pgr200581
13. Lindequist, U.; Niedermeyer, T. H. J.; Julich, W.-D. The pharmacological potential of mushrooms. Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine; 2005, 2, 285–299. https://doi.org/10.1093/ecam/neh107
14. Mariga, A. M.; Yang, W.-j.; Mugambi, D. K.; Pei F.; Zhao, L.-y.; Shao, Y.-n. and Hu, Q. Antiproliferative and immunostimulatory activity of a protein from Pleurotus eryngii. J. Sci. Food Agric; 2014, 94(15), 3152–3162.
https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.6665
15. Ohta, A.; Fujiwara, N. Fruit-body production of an ectomycorrhizal fungus in genus Boletus in pure culture. Mycoscience; 2003, 44(4), 295–300. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10267-003-0120-5
16. Sanmee, R.; Lumyong, P.; Dell, B.; Lumyong, S. In vitro cultivation and fruit body formation of the black bolete, Phlebopus portentosus, a popular edible ectomycorrhizal fungus in Thailand. Mycoscience; 2010, 51(1), 15–22.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10267-009-0010-6
17. Solomko, E. F.; Lomberg, M. L. The Selection of Alternative Substrates for Medicinal. International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms. 2005, 7, 466. https://doi.org/10.1615/intjmedmushrooms.v7.i3.980
18. Takaku, T.; Kimura, Y.; Okuda, H. Isolation of an antitumor compound from Agaricus blazei Murill and its mechanism of action. The Journal of Nutrition; 2001, 131(5), 1409–1413. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/131.5.1409
19. Vaz, J.A.; Heleno, S.A.; Martins, A.; Almeida, G.M.; Vasconcelos, M.H.; Ferreira, I.C.F.R. Wild mushrooms Clitocybe alexandri and Lepista inversa: in vitro antioxidant activity and growth inhibition of human tumour cell lines. Food and Chemical Toxicology; 2010, 48, 2881–2884. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2010.07.021
20. Walter S. Non-wood forest products in Africa: a regional and national overview. Les produits forestiers non ligneux en Afrique: un aperçu régional et national. FAO Forestry Department, Rome, August, 2001, Working Paper/Document de Travail nr. FOPW/01/1.
21. Wasser, S. P. Medicinal Mushroom Science: History, Current Status, Future Trends, and Unsolved Problems. International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms; 2010, 12(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1615/intjmedmushr.v12.i1.10
22. Zjawiony, J. Biologically active compounds from Aphyllophorales (Polypore) fungi. J Nat Prod; 2004, 67, 300–10.
https://doi.org/10.1021/np030372w