Ecological structure of the flora of waste heaps of Novovolynsk mining district
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29038/2617-4723-2020-390-2-38-44Keywords:
Novovolynsk mining district, waste heap, flora, ecological structureAbstract
Analysis of the ecological structure of the flora of the waste heaps of the Novovolynsk mining district (NMD). The species composition of the flora waste heaps of NMD is described, which includes 49 species belonging to 45 genera, 17 families, 16 orders, 4 classes and 3 phyla. The Magnoliophyta division has 47 species (95,91%). Magnoliopsida dominates in the number of species – 79,59%, the share of Liliopsida is 16,33%. The leading families of the flora of the mine waste heaps are Asteraceae – 26,32%, Poaceae – 16,32%, Fabaceae – 10,20% and Brassicaceae – 8,16%. The most common are members of the family Asteraceae, which include 13 species or 26,53% of the total. The processes of natural overgrowing of dumps are actively taking place on the slopes and at the foot, more slowly – at the top.
Among the hygromorphs in the flora are the representatives of the mesophytes group (67,37%), which mainly inhabit the foothills of the northern and western slopes. The presence of a significant number of mesophytes is due to the biological reclamation of waste heaps. In terms of substrate trophic, the most mesotrophic species (63,27%) are explained by the biological recultivation of waste heaps. In terms of the salt composition of the soil, the flora is dominated by indifferent species (40,81%). The flora of the coal mines of the NMD mines is poor in species composition, most families (76,47%) have a low level of floristic stock (1-3 species). The flora of the dumps is dominated by mesophytes, mesotrophics and indifferent plant species in relation to the soil saline composition. The characteristic composition of the flora is associated with the morphological and microclimatic conditions of the dumps and the biological characteristics of the plants.
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