The Features of the Land Snail Monacha (Monacha) Cartusiana (O. F. Muller, 1774) Ecological Niche in Technosol on Gray-Green Clay (Nikopol Manganese ore Basin)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29038/2617-4723-2019-387-91-100Keywords:
ecological niche, reclamation, terrestrial mollusks, environmental factors, phytoindicationAbstract
The paper deals with features of the Monacha (Monacha) cartusiana (O. F. Muller, 1774) ecological niche in technosols on gray-green clay (Nikopol manganese ore basin) and displayed the stationary at the time of these results. The research was conducted during 2012–2014 years at the remediation site within Nikopol manganese ore basin in city Pokrov. The electrical conductivity of soil, aggregate composition, soil penetration resistance to a depth of 0,5 m, the projective cover physiognomic vegetation types and phytoindication assessment of the environmental regimes were measured as eco-geographic predictors of the ecological niche of the land snail. ENFA- analysis was applied to quantify the characteristics of ecological niche. The electrical conductivity of the sod- lithogenic soil on gray-green clay is 0,67–0,78 MPa/m. Among the contents of aggregate fractions dominated sized units 1–2, ..., 3–5 mm. The soil penetration resistance of the top layer of sod-lithogenic soil to gray-green clay is 1,62-2,16 MPa and increasing with depth. The sharpest increase in hardness is observed at a depth of 15–20 cm, then the growth of this index is rather moderate. Free from soil surface vegetation is 48,1–53,6 %. Most projective cover set for physiognomic type III. The study established that ecological niche marginality of the M. cartusiana is determined by such eco-geographical predictors as content size units 1–2 and 2–3 mm (positive marginality) and> 10 mm (negative marginality), soil penetration resistance of soil on 0–5, 20–25 and 35–40 cm and physiognomic appearance of vegetation. This species prefers areas with larger projective cover physiognomic type III and avoid areas with a predominance of physiognomic types V and VI. It prefers areas with high soil aeration. Specialization of the M. cartusiana ecological niche is determined by such eco-geographical predictors as content size 0,5–1,0 units and> 10 mm, soil penetration resistance at different depths, soil electrical conductivity, projective cover of the physiognomic types III and VI. The peculiarities of ecological niches are stationary for a period of research. Clearly, such stability is due to the type of environmental standard space-time regularity environmental regimes in terms of the type technosol. Repeatability of time spatial patterns of edaphic properties can be explained by the formation of soil-like body, which is technosol, system properties. Particularly important plant groups in forming and maintaining regularity in the time of ground structures, which impart soil status due to ecomorphic organizing of the soil body should be noted. Ecomorphic structures can be identified by evaluating the spatial variability of physical properties of soil and vegetation physiognomic features, and environmental assessments of phytoindication modes. These markers can be used to describe the ecological niche of terrestrial molluscs as an eco-geographical predictors of ecological niches. Thus, the spatial patterns of soil properties variability, patterns of variability structure of plant communities thus structuring ecological environment show that this heterogeneity affects the spatial distribution of terrestrial molluscs on the level of individual spatial biogeocoenosis.
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